The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Positions And The...

Many studies have shown that socioeconomic status that people have is associated with their health status, which means the differences among people’s socioeconomic status would therefore lead to health inequality in this society. This essay addresses the relationship between socioeconomic positions and the incidence of type 2 diabetes and obesity, and discusses the reasons why health inequality exists by applying to four explanations, including materialstructural resources, naturalsocial selection, culturebehaviour and historical context. Start with introducing Type 2 diabetes and its related health issue obesity. Type 2 diabetes happens to people whose body is unable or resist to produce enough insulin to maintain stable blood glucose level, which causes the blood glucose level too high for the body thus leads to type 2 diabetes. Some of them are genetic related while some of them are preventable that it usually happens in the middle-aged due to their unhealthy daily habits, such as unhealthy diet and physically inactive attitudes.(MoH, 2013) As well, too much energy intake and lack of exercise means energy consumption more than energy use, to which extent, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (MoH,2016) Type 2 diabetes is related to obesity, because high food energy intake exacerbates the intracellular stress that induces insulin resistance, hence making the body incapable to secrete enough insulin to overcome the higher insulin resistance and causingShow MoreRelatedThe Prevalence Of Overweight / Obesi ty1616 Words   |  7 PagesPICOT Statement: POPULATION/PATIENT PROBLEM: Both researchers studied the incidence of overweight/obesity in African-American children. One related it to the low socioeconomic status of the caregivers (SEP) and this study/research was conducted in Pitt County, North Carolina. The other research, four childhood obesity perceptions among African-American caregivers in a rural area Georgia community relates overweight/obesity on the parents’ level of education, income, eating habits and lack of physicalRead MoreCurrent Epidemiology of Diabetes in the Uk4303 Words   |  18 PagesDiabetes- current epidemiology and measuring variables at a local level Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is not classed as single disorder as it represents a series of conditions associated with high blood sugar which are cased in turn by defects in insulin secretion or the effectiveness of insulin or both. It is usually diagnosed by evidence of hyperglycaemia in a fasting state (gt;7.1 mmol/l plasma glucose) or threw an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)( gt;11.1mmol/l plasma glucose)Read MoreDorothea Orems Nursing Theory Essay2008 Words   |  9 Pageseducation geared towards specific socioeconomic groups will be more cost effective and beneficial in the management of chronic disease. Studies indicate that patients involved in self management of disease processes often have better patient outcomes. Obesity has become a very critical problem in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2011) in the past two decades there has been an increasingly dramatic increase in obesity seen within the United StatesRead MoreHealth Advocacy Campaign4102 Words   |  17 PagesHealth Advocacy Campaign Childhood obesity is considered one of the major pressing health issues of our century. The rate of childhood obesity has increased alarmingly, with the number of obese children under five globally standing at over 42 million today. Approximately 35 million of obese children are living in the developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) children who are obese and overweight are very likely to stay obese into their adulthood; further, they standRead MoreEffect of Media on Eating Habits3709 Words   |  15 PagesDisease Control and Prevention is poor diet and physical inactivity (Schneider, 2006, p. 270). Trends that lead to poor diet and physical inactivity, eventually obesity in adults and children alike, stem from habits that form early on in childhood. This creates an endless cycle that perpetuates from generation to generation. Obesity is currently an issue that threatens the majority of Americans and its prevalence has increased substantially in the last three decades (Schneider, 2006, p. 272)Read MoreCardiovascular Disease ( Cvd )9447 Words   |  38 PagesBackground and Literature Review Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) The phrase cardiovascular disease encompasses all ailments involving the conditions of the heart as well as those of the blood vessels. The major types of CVD prevalent in Australia are coronary heart disease and stroke, together with heart failure/cardiomyopathy. One of the leading causes of mortality in Australia today is cardiovascular disease (CVD) with one in every six Australians affected by the disease resulting in more than 3.7Read MoreCommunity Profile Essay5395 Words   |  22 Pages27.7%. 50 - 74 year olds are 27.2% with the UK at 26.9% and the over 75s are 7.1% with the UK at 7.9% [ONS, 2011]. These figures show the age groups within both the Stockton-on-Tees and the UK are very similar. There were 25,109 people aged between 15-24 years old in Stockton-on-Tees in 2012, which according to statistics is the age group most at risk of contracting a sexually transmitted infection [JSNA Stockton, 2012]. The figures for gender in the Stockton-on-Tees area are 51% of populationRead MoreUndernutrition10134 Words   |  41 Pagesdevelopment, especially during the first two years of a child’s life, is largely irreversible. A child’s poorer school performance results in future income reductions of up to 22 per cent on average. As adults, they are also at increased risk of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN)     period from birth to two years of age is the â€Å"critical window† for the promotion of good growth, health, and behavioral and cognitive developmentmothers are empowered to initiate breastfeedingRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pagesprepared for use in the 2006 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Examiner Preparation Course. The Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study describes a fictitious nonprofit organization in the health care sector. There is no connection between the fictitious Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center and any other organization, either named Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center or otherwise. Other organizations cited in the case study also are fictitious, except for several national and governmentRead More2006 Arroyo Case Study31910 Words   |  128 Pagesprepared for use in the 2006 Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Examiner Preparation Course. The Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center Case Study describes a fictitious nonprofit organization in the health care sector. There is no connection between the fictitious Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center and any other organization, either named Arroyo Fresco Community Health Center or otherwise. Other organizations cited in the case study also are fictitious, except for several national and government

Eddie Mabo Fighting for Indigenous Land Rights in Australia

Many people have tried to close the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous people in many different and inspirational ways. Eddie Mabo was a moving man that, from his works has changed the lives of many aboriginal/indigenous people today. I believe that Eddie Mabo has influenced modern society with his beliefs and values of the Indigenous people and their rights. Eddie Mabo fought for the rights of the people of Mer Island, so they would not lose their home, memories and life. Eddie Mabo has had such an impact on today’s society for indigenous people and the Meriam people were facing racial discriminations in their community. Some of Eddie Mabo’s many achievements include â€Å"campaigning for better access for Indigenous peoples to legal and medical services, housing, social services and education and establishing the Townsville Black Community School.† (Stephenson, 1989-1999). Mabo believed that it was along for the Australians along with Terra Nullius, a legal document which held that Australia as unoccupied at the time of colonization. â€Å"I was sitting in a car breastfeeding my six month old son, who was born the day before I buried my dad, when I heard on the radio we had won the case. I started crying and thinking that if my father was alive he would be dancing. I then heard the sound of thunder and said to my son ‘hear that, he is dancing.† (Australian Government, 2014). Eddie Mabo has contributed to the Australi an History a lot with his beliefs. Firstly, he hasShow MoreRelatedMabo eal822 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿The film Mabo demonstrates the importance of family in Eddie Mabos struggle for land rights. The story film Mabo, in leading up to its supportive and motivated revolution in Australias history, is assist by Eddies family determination to win Eddie Mabos land rights case and thus restore justice to indigenous people. The foundations of his familial and social assitance can be seen in his encounter with white authority and his later involvement in the union movement, as well as his role asRead MoreThe reconciliation of the Indigenous, has played a significant part in the history of Australia and600 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Indigenous, has played a significant part in the history of Australia and the lives of many Indigenous Australian’s including Eddie Mabo. Eddie Mabo has been actively involved in Indigenous rights and reconciliation between 1981 and his death in 1992. Reconciliation has been an important part of Australia’s history as it has impacted many generations of Indigenous Australian’s throughout history. Eddie Mabo has played a significant rol e in the process of reconciliation between Indigenous AustraliansRead MoreThe National Apology of 20081258 Words   |  6 Pagestowards the Indigenous owners of our land. A part of this movement towards reconciliation is the recognition of Indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders rights to their land. Upon arrival in Australia, Australia was deemed by the British as terra nullius, land belonging to no one. This subsequently meant that Indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders were never recognised as the traditional owners. Eddie Mabo has made a highly significant contribution to the rights and freedomsRead MoreMabo Film Analysis1940 Words   |  8 Pagesjoined with the Indigenous rights and cultural experts, Bella Simmons and Sarah Nel. Today on Aboriginal affairs, we will be exploring the representations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people within the Australian docudrama TV film, ‘Mabo’. Released in 2012, Australian Broadcasting Corpor ation and Blackfella films have created a film that reflects the trials and tribulations Indigenous and torres strait islanders had to face. Rachel Perkins, Director of the film ‘Mabo’ helps us recogniseRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech And Democratic Rights1637 Words   |  7 Pagescountry in order for citizens to enjoy the rights, responsibilities and equity the country has to offer. Many nations across the world have some type of citizenship model which allows the individuals of a country to enact their political and legal rights destined to them from birth simply because they are human beings and citizens of such countries. Political and legal rights are protected and known as first generation negative rights; they include the rights fundamental to political and legal freedomsRead MoreAustralian Films - Screening Responces3687 Words   |  15 Pageschange. The inability to adapt to frequent changes within society is what may have defined Australia as a nation, and le d to the creation of a different national identity from its roots, of British colonization. Alas, during these political changes, Australia was a great conservative and Catholic nation, that believed in the dominance of white culture; Evident in their policies such as The White Australia policy and the policy of Assimilation. The use of real news footage reinforces the pre-existingRead MoreCross Cultural Reflective Journal Report2594 Words   |  11 Pages2004). 1968. I was born in a year of hostility, demands and fights for independence and human rights. Americans were fighting in Vietnam, and protesting at home for African-American civil rights. Bra-burning protests demanded women’s rights. Activist Martin Luther King Jr and politician Robert F Kennedy were assassinated for humanitarian beliefs (1968 Timeline, 2013). Amidst the fights for civil rights, independence was granted to a tiny island in the South Pacific, the republic of Nauru. Here IRead MoreAustralia s Human Rights Record2193 Words   |  9 PagesIn Australia human rights have been honored and legislated in most sectors of society with the majority of the population living prosperous lives without much predicament. Moreover, the general populace has the ability to copiously exercise their human rights without opposition. Thus, Australia is well known for possessing one of the highest wellbeing rates in the world. However, this wasn’t, and arguably is still not t he case for Indigenous Australians. Indigenous Australians have been statistically

Vitamin D And Hypothyroidism Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Vitamin D And Hypothyroidism. Answer: The assignment deals with the discussion on the topic vitamin D and hypothyroidism supporting with the different relevant research articles. As per the literature review, vitamin D inadequacy is associated with autoimmune disease. This vitamin plays a key role in maintaining the balance between cell mediated (Th1) and the humoral (Th2) immune system by regulating the Th3 cells. In an experimental study, vitamin D deficiency resulted in low thyroid hormones. It means the vitamin has direct impact on the thyroid gland[1]. According to the genetic studies both the thyroid hormone and the vitamin D bind to the same steroid hormone receptors. This results in the autoimmune diseases, where a different gene in Vitamin D receptor has been found to predispose patients to Hashimotos thyroiditis and Graves disease. Graves disease is associated with the polymorphism in the vitamin D gene. Its deficiency directly modulates the Graves hyperthyroidism which may have been induced by the thyrotropin receptor immunization in a mice model. In the human mole it was found that the inflammatory responses in T cells and human thyroid cells was inhibited by the Vitamin D analog[2]. Many researchers studied the impact of the vitamin D on the thyroid physiology. It was found that the autoimmune thyroid disease is linked to vitamin D deficiency. This vitamin is found to benefit the autoimmune-mediated thyroid dysfunction. The vitamin is found with little role in the regulation of insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Vitamin D is also associated with the balancing of blood sugar. Thyroid physiology is adversely effected with the dysglyemcia and insulin resistance[3]. Mackawy et al, examined the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and hypothyroidism. The study results showed that the patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism were found to have vitamin D deficiency and hypocalcaemia. These deficiencies were in turn associated with the severity and degree of hypothyroidism. In short, these results showed the linkage of hypothyroidism in patients with calcium and vitamin D levels. When compared to the controls the serum levels of both the elements were found to lower in hypothyroid patients that signifies a positive association between hypothyroidism and vitamin D as well as calcium. However, there was a negative correlation of these factors with the TSH levels[4]. Singh et al., in similar study emphasised on the imunomodulatory role of the vitamin D on the endocrine system. In this study 40 healthy people and 40 hypothyroidism patients were recruited for measuring the Serum vitamin D (25-OH) levels and Thyroid hormones (TSH, T3 and T4) levels. The results using the ELISA and spectophotometric method, it was found that the level of each of them was significantly lower in the hypothyroid patientswhen compared to the healthy subjects. There was difference of these levels between males and females with later showing lower levels of these factors. These results indicated that the hypothyroid patients suffered from the hypovitaminosis D. The hypovitaminosis D iss significantly associated with degree and severity of the hypothyroidism[5]. Hypothyroid patients with vitamin D showed improvement in the condition by taking Vitamin D as it caused TSH suppression[6]. In conclusion, the literature review indicates the association between vitamin D deficiency and hyperthyroidism. As per these findings, the patients with hypothyroidism should be advocated for vitamin D supplementation. Bibliography Mackawy, Amal Mohammed Husein, Bushra Mohammed Al-Ayed, and Bashayer Mater Al-Rashidi. "Vitamin d deficiency and its association with thyroid disease."International journal of health sciences7.3 (2013): 267. Musa, I. R., Gasim, G. I., Khan, S., Ibrahim, I. A., Abo-alazm, H., Adam, I. (2017). No Association between 25 (OH) Vitamin D Level And Hypothyroidism among Females. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2017 Apr 15; 5 (2): 126-130. Singh, Vivek, Sunita Singh, and Yogesh Kumar Rai. "Vitamin D Induced Hypothyroidism."Indian Journal of Public Health Research Development7.3 (2016). Talaei, Afsaneh, et al. "The Study the Effect of Vitamin D on Hypothyroidism."ISMJ20.3 (2017): 301-307. Yasuda, Tetsuyuki, et al. "Serum vitamin D levels are decreased and associated with thyroid volume in female patients with newly onset Graves disease."Endocrine42.3 (2012): 739-741.

The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films Essay Example

The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films Essay Man, as a species, is creative and has been throughout the ages. They put their creativity to use in the making of fantasy stories and films, many of which have made both positive and negative impacts on society today. The question is: are fantasy stories and films merely an escape from reality? Or do they offer us something more? I am of the view that fantasy stories and films are appealing and do have value in today’s society. The interesting storylines, their role in bringing hope and positivity to the world and their economic value all play a part in the appeal and value of fantasy stories and films. Fantasy stories and films have managed to pique the interest of children worldwide due to the colourful graphics and often amusing and unique storylines. Though the stories conveyed are often fictional, they often carry certain morals and values which are rubbed off on the children who read and watch these fantasy stories and films. For instance, in ‘Pokemon’, where the protagonist travels around the world to train and become the best at his craft, teaches the audience the importance of resilience and perseverance as they see their favourite characters marching on even after they have faced certain setbacks. Shows like ‘Adventure Time’ and ‘He-Man’ also depict not just human characters but animals as well and there is often a symbiotic relationship between the human protagonist and his trustworthy feline sidekick. This is also found in the Disney film ‘Bee Movie’, where human and animal work together to achieve a common goal. Child ren, who are the largest demographic to read and watch these stories and animated films, are at the age where they are most impressionable, and even subconsciously, the good-natured spirit of these films are passed down to them and they carry these value imparted for the rest of their lives. Even teenagers or adults, after reading or watching these stories and films, are reminded of the imp We will write a custom essay sample on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer